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Sciatica

Pain along the course of the sciatic nerve, usually resulting from nerve root compression in lumbo-sacral spine.

Radiculopathy is the commonest cause of sciatica.

Definition: dysfunction of a nerve root: signs and symptoms may include pain, sensory disturbance, weakness. Usually caused by disc prolapse or degenerative spinal stenosis

Differential diagnoses:

  • Congenital
  • Arachnoiditis
  • Discitis/ abscess
  • Metabolic eg: B12 deficiency
  • Herpes Zoster
  • Spine tumour
  • Hip pathology
  • Vascular claudication
  • Referred pain of non-spinal origin
  • Injection injury from misplaced IM injection
  • Pyriformis syndrome (controversial)
  • Peripheral neuropathy/ entrapment of nerve